Recently, through my network of pickers, I stumbled across the contents of a military collector/dealer’s estate. I suspected that I was not offered the “pick of the litter” of his contents, as those had gone out to family members and to some dealers who had already skimmed through some of the items. The remains that were offered to me were enough to pique my interest and I decided to make a 25-mile drive to decide if I was interested.
The dealer who was assisting the family primarily focused on paper items. While this collection had a lot of paper, books and photographs, it also had numerous uniforms as well as metal, wood and leather items. This included blades, medals, patches and such. The dealer had moved some of the items to his house to go through. I thought this lot, on its own, to be quite impressive with a large focus on the Civil War and post-Civil War Union veterans group called the Grand Army of the Republic. I commented to the dealer that it was quite an impressive array of items and he replied to me that I had not seen anything yet! He then said that we should take a drive over to the storage unit where the bulk of the collection resided. I was hooked.

Copper Civil War Dog Tag
We drove back towards my house and stopped at a storage unit about 10 miles from where I live. He opened the door and a 20-foot-by-18-foot-by-18-foot unit was filled to the ceiling with the quality objects salvaged from this dealer’s basement. I could not find any junk in the “collection”, only quality. The sight of it all puzzled me for a moment as I tried to decide what to do with this much stuff. But, again, I was hooked. We agreed on a price and, while overwhelmed, I am now a militaria dealer with a huge inventory.
While I am sure that many readers would say this is no big deal—that they buy houses and large units all the time—I assure you this buy included an inordinate amount of items. As the average size of an item was a medal, or carte de vista. I would guess there was more than 50,000 items. Given that I sell about 100 items a week, I certainly had bought a lot of back inventory. I also had to quickly figure out how to transport all of this, as I did not want to leave it at the storage facility.
I decided to pack and move it all in the next few days and would put it in plastic Rubbermaid bins. These are the items that God made for antique dealers to preserve condition of our inventory and move it from show to show. I had to laugh as I went through the items with my friends, as I now own thousands of militia buttons and such.

Reverse side
Despite this quantity, the items that caught my attention were several “field dug” Civil War dog tags. I had been under the impression that there were not any dog tags in the Civil War. Having watched the Ken Burns series The Civil War on PBS, it was clear to me that we as a nation learned the cost of trench warfare and assaults in the Civil War, but the actual Union soldiers assaulting the southern earthworks knew the price at a more personal level. One of their largest concerns was the certainty of dying while attacking the fortifications. The casualty rate in doing this was obscenely high. The likelihood of success—let alone survival—was small, and then what? You are an unidentified corpse on the battlefield that may be held by the enemy. It is unlikely your unit is around to identify you. The burials are impersonal and hurried en mass. No one who would recognize you knows you have died. Those who are burying you will not take the time to figure out who you are. One of the most gut-wrenching sagas I remember reading were about were the wives of the Union soldiers later trying to find their husbands graves and traveling into the south, while we were at war, and trying to find the graves of their husbands or sons, to bring the body home. Women of properness at that time did not travel alone into a man’s world, let alone into “enemy” country.
As I had to remind one of my children, the Civil War was before DNA testing had been conceived.
To try to remedy this situation, the soldiers would often write their name and unit on the back of a sheet of paper and have a comrade pin it to the back of their uniform. Dog tags had not been made available at this point to the troops, and I did not know, until I started researching these tags, that the concept of dog tags existed at the time of our Civil War.

Private William Wentworth's Dog Tag
While the U.S. government spent staggering amounts of money, for the time, in building the U.S. Army to fight the Civil War, it had neglected to buy one of the most personal items of use for its soldiers: dog tags to identify the war casualties. I guess this can be understood, in a way, as the senior officers generally were identified, so it was not their problem, and large scale warfare was not known to the U.S. government early in the war. Besides, the war was not expected to last more than several months. The average soldier dealt with the war from a different viewpoint and was concerned about “just disappearing”. Thus, it was not long until magazines and newspapers proliferated in advertisements for dog tags that could be privately purchased. The ones I have seem to be the most common and are made of copper, about the size of a large cent but thinner, I am sure, to save costs. On one side they have an eagle and the reverse is stamped with the name of the soldier, regiment and other varying information. I am sure that they were often lost in battle, falling off of broken chains or falling out of pockets. The two of mine have been dug on the battlefield are of the same design and show considerable wear and corrosion. The first, with an illegible name, was recovered in northern Virginia. It is bent, as if it may have been hit with a bullet. I cannot help but wonder if it possibly saved a soldier’s life. The second looks as if it might have been damaged when excavated. It also has oxidation spots from iron rusting, having lain in the ground next to an iron object. I wonder if it was the soldier’s rifle. The tag belonged to William Wentworth of the Mass. 32nd. He was a private. I have not researched whether he survived the war.
These questions, and learning the history about them, are what attracts me to our business. I am constantly learning. I was not a militaria dealer when I started this, but I am now, and will learn more. I have already expanded my buyer’s network by beginning to sell some of these items. As for the value of these dog tags, I used my database at www.WorthPoint.com and did some online “digging.” I discovered that dog tags like these sell from several hundred to more than $1,000. That’s a lot of money for such a small object, obscured by piles of other neat items. I believe this shows that I bought smart and this estate will prove to be a good experience, as I will grow my knowledge, customer base and be confirmed that this will be a good financial transaction.
Will Seippel is the founder and CEO of Worthpoint.com and a loyal friend to The Original Miami Beach Antique Show